COVID-19 and changes in dental practices in the Brazilian Public Health System: perception of the oral health team.

The aim of this study was to verify the perception of the oral health team regarding work safety and aspects related to changes in dental practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. A descriptive, exploratory, quantitative, and qualitative cross-sectional study was conducted using an electronic questionnaire sent via email to health professionals (n = 197) affiliated with the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS), from December 2020 to September 2021, in a municipality located in the northeast of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The variables of interest were sociodemographic characteristics and those related to the professionals' perception of oral health care during the pandemic and its impact on these workers' occupational safety. Descriptive statistics were performed, and the absolute and relative frequencies of quantitative variables were calculated, whereas lexical analysis was performed for textual content using the descending hierarchical classification (CHD). Out of the total sample, elective and urgent/emergency care was provided by 58.95% (n = 56); physical barriers were absent between the teams in 54.74% (n = 52); minimally invasive techniques were applied in 71.58% (n = 68); personal protective equipment (PPE) was replaced in 81.05% (n = 77) between appointments; and occupational safety was reported by 49.47% (n = 47). Textual analysis showed a decrease in appointments and consultations, with a longer interval between appointments. The professionals noticed changes in dental practices during the pandemic, mainly regarding the use of PPE, the type of treatment performed, the number of treated patients, and the greater time interval between consultations. The physical infrastructure of health units and the availability of PPE to patients needed some adjustments. A significant number of workers felt safe in providing dental care during the pandemic.

COVID-19 and changes in dental practices in the Brazilian Public Health System: perception of the oral health team

Abstract The aim of this study was to verify the perception of the oral health team regarding work safety and aspects related to changes in dental practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. A descriptive, exploratory, quantitative, and qualitative cross-sectional study was conducted using an electronic questionnaire sent via email to health professionals (n = 197) affiliated with the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS), from December 2020 to September 2021, in a municipality located in the northeast of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The variables of interest were sociodemographic characteristics and those related to the professionals' perception of oral health care during the pandemic and its impact on these workers' occupational safety. Descriptive statistics were performed, and the absolute and relative frequencies of quantitative variables were calculated, whereas lexical analysis was performed for textual content using the descending hierarchical classification (CHD). Out of the total sample, elective and urgent/emergency care was provided by 58.95% (n = 56); physical barriers were absent between the teams in 54.74% (n = 52); minimally invasive techniques were applied in 71.58% (n = 68); personal protective equipment (PPE) was replaced in 81.05% (n = 77) between appointments; and occupational safety was reported by 49.47% (n = 47). Textual analysis showed a decrease in appointments and consultations, with a longer interval between appointments. The professionals noticed changes in dental practices during the pandemic, mainly regarding the use of PPE, the type of treatment performed, the number of treated patients, and the greater time interval between consultations. The physical infrastructure of health units and the availability of PPE to patients needed some adjustments. A significant number of workers felt safe in providing dental care during the pandemic.

Sickness absenteeism of Primary Health Care professionals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: to identify the frequency of occurrence of sickness absenteeism, according to the profile of Primary Health Care (PHC) professionals, and verify if there was an impact of the pandemic on absence duration and reason. METHODS: a cross-sectional study, from January/2019 to December/2020, with PHC professionals from a municipality in northeastern São Paulo. Descriptive statistics were performed, with frequency calculation. RESULTS: of the 977 PHC professionals, 633 (64.79%) used a medical certificate to justify their absence from work in 2019, and 837 (85.67%) in 2020. The main reason for leave was diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue in the two years. The mean duration of leave was 7.33 days (SD=17.33) in 2019 and 9.88 days (SD=16.05) in 2020. Nursing assistants were the ones who took the most leave in both years. CONCLUSIONS: there was an impact of the pandemic on absence duration and reason.

Analysis of the Dental Caries Epidemiological Profile in Children of Benguela city, Angola.

PURPOSE: To analyse the epidemiological profile of dental caries in children aged 5 and 12 years in the city of Benguela, Angola. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study conducted in 2019 with 190 12-year-old schoolchildren and 240 5-year-old schoolchildren from the public education system in Benguela, Angola. The relationship between dental caries and dental characteristics, sociodemographic factors, access to dental services, oral hygiene practices, and eating habits was analysed. Dental condition was evaluated using the dmft and decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) indices. RESULTS: It was found that 62.63% (n = 119) of 12-year-old students and 42.08% (n = 101) of 5-year-old students were free from dental caries. The average DMFT was 0.76 + 1.35 and dmft was 2.19 + 2.95. The majority of children (56.51%) had never been to the dentist, had no dental elements restored, and none of the students used dental floss. The proportion of students who consumed sweets every day was higher at 5 years of age (46.25%) than at 12 years of age (22.63%). There was a statistically significant association (P = 0.01) between the higher incidence of dental caries and peri-urban location among 5-year-old schoolchildren. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the prevalence of dental caries in the permanent dentition of schoolchildren in Benguela is very low; however, the situation is critical in the primary dentition, especially in the peri-urban area. The limited access to dental surgeons and lack of treatment for affected teeth highlight the need to implement and develop public policies to promote oral health.

Sickness absenteeism of Primary Health Care professionals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic / Ausentismo-enfermedad de los profesionales de Atención Primaria de Salud antes y durante la pandemia de COVID-19 / Absenteísmo-doença dos profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde antes e durante a pandemia de COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the frequency of occurrence of sickness absenteeism, according to the profile of Primary Health Care (PHC) professionals, and verify if there was an impact of the pandemic on absence duration and reason. Methods: a cross-sectional study, from January/2019 to December/2020, with PHC professionals from a municipality in northeastern São Paulo. Descriptive statistics were performed, with frequency calculation. Results: of the 977 PHC professionals, 633 (64.79%) used a medical certificate to justify their absence from work in 2019, and 837 (85.67%) in 2020. The main reason for leave was diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue in the two years. The mean duration of leave was 7.33 days (SD=17.33) in 2019 and 9.88 days (SD=16.05) in 2020. Nursing assistants were the ones who took the most leave in both years. Conclusions: there was an impact of the pandemic on absence duration and reason.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar la frecuencia de ocurrencia del ausentismo-enfermedad, según el perfil de los profesionales de la Atención Primaria de Salud (APS), y verificar si hubo impacto de la pandemia en la duración y motivos de las ausencias. Métodos: estudio transversal, de enero/2019 a diciembre/2020, con profesionales de la APS de un municipio del nordeste del estado de São Paulo. Se realizó estadística descriptiva, con cálculo de frecuencia. Resultados: de los 977 profesionales de APS, 633 (64,79%) utilizaron el certificado médico para justificar su ausencia al trabajo en 2019 y 837 (85,67%) en 2020. El principal motivo de baja fue por enfermedades musculoesqueléticas y del tejido conectivo en los dos años. La duración media de la licencia fue de 7,33 días (DE=17,33) en 2019 y de 9,88 días (DE=16,05) en 2020. Los auxiliares de enfermería fueron los que más disfrutaron de licencia en ambos años. Conclusiones: hubo un impacto de la pandemia en la duración y motivos de las ausencias.

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar a frequência de ocorrência do absenteísmo-doença, de acordo com o perfil dos profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), e verificar se houve impacto da pandemia na duração e motivos dos afastamentos. Métodos: estudo transversal, no período de janeiro/2019 a dezembro/2020, com os profissionais de APS de um município do nordeste do estado de São Paulo. Realizou-se estatística descritiva, com cálculo de frequências. Resultados: dos 977 profissionais da APS, 633 (64,79%) utilizaram o atestado médico para justificar sua ausência no trabalho em 2019, e 837 (85,67%), em 2020. O principal motivo dos afastamentos foi as doenças osteomusculares e do tecido conjuntivo nos dois anos. A duração média dos afastamentos foi de 7,33 dias (DP=17,33) em 2019 e de 9,88 dias (DP=16,05) em 2020. Os auxiliares de enfermagem foram os que mais se afastaram em ambos os anos. Conclusões: houve impacto da pandemia na duração e motivos dos afastamentos.

Condição de saúde bucal e acesso aos serviços odontológicos em idosos atendidos em um hospital municipal da área rural de Benguela, Angola / Oral health condition and access to dental services in older people attended at a municipal hospital in the rural area of Benguela, Angola

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a condição de saúde bucal em idosos do município de Bocoio, província de Benguela, Angola, Africa. Métodos Estudo epidemiológico, transversal e analítico, realizado com 213 idosos, em 2019. Por meio de entrevistas e exames clínicos, analisou-se o perfil sociodemográfico; percepção de saúde bucal; higiene oral; uso de serviços odontológicos; consumo de tabaco, álcool, e açúcar; prejuízos funcionais e sociais devido a problemas bucais; índice de cárie dentária (CPOD); cárie radicular; condição periodontal; uso e necessidade de prótese; e lesões bucais. Resultados A maioria dos idosos era do sexo feminino (69,01%), com 60 a 70 anos (77,46%), não trabalhava (92,96%), não frequentou a escola (82,63%), e classificou sua saúde bucal como moderada (75,59%). Verificou-se que 52,58% realizava higienização bucal duas vezes por dia, utilizando escova dentária e dentifrício fluoretado (92,49%); nenhum participante utilizava fio dental; 47,89% realizou a última consulta odontológica há mais de dois anos; 20,66% fumavam diariamente; o consumo de álcool e alimentos açucarados foi baixo; 89,67% relataram dificuldade para mastigar; e 7,04% eram edêntulos totais. Houve associação (p<0,01) entre maior número de dentes perdidos, faixa etária mais avançada e baixo nível de escolaridade. O CPOD médio foi de 20,8±5,3 e nenhum dente obturado foi encontrado; a média de raízes cariadas foi de 2,43±2,10; a maioria dos dentes apresentava bolsa periodontal (50,32%) e perda de inserção (51,00%); 99,53% dos idosos necessitava de prótese; e 0,94% apresentava lesões bucais. Conclusão A condição de saúde bucal dos idosos de Bocoio é precária e marcada pela falta de acesso aos serviços odontológicos.

Abstract Objective To analyze the oral health status of elderly people in the municipality of Bocoio, Benguela province, Angola, Africa. Methods Epidemiological, cross-sectional and analytical study carried out with 213 elderly people in 2019. Through interviews and clinical examinations, the sociodemographic profile; oral health perception; oral hygiene; use of dental services; consumption of tobacco, alcohol, and sugar; functional and social impairments due to oral problems; dental caries index (DMFT); root caries; periodontal condition; use and need for prosthesis; and presence of oral lesions were analyzed. Results Most of the elderly were female (69.01%), aged 60 to 70 years (77.46%), did not work (92.96%), did not attend school (82.63%), and classified their oral health status as moderate (75.59%). It was found that 52.58% performed oral hygiene twice a day, using toothbrush and fluoridated dentifrice (92.49%); no participant used dental floss; 47.89% had their last dental appointment more than two years ago; 20.66% smoked daily; consumption of alcohol and sugary foods was low; 89.67% reported difficulty chewing; and 7.04% were fully edentulous. There was an association (p<0.01) between the greater number of missing teeth, and older age group and low level of education. The mean DMFT was 20.8±5.3 and no filled teeth were found; the mean of decayed roots was 2.43±2.10; most teeth had periodontal pocket (50.32%) and attachment loss (51.00%); 99.53% of the elderly needed a prosthesis; and 0.94% had oral lesions. Conclusion The oral health condition of the elderly in Bocoio is precarious and marked by the lack of access to dental services.

[A quantitative and qualitative study of exclusive breastfeeding intention by high-risk pregnant women]. / Estudo quanti-qualitativo sobre amamentação exclusiva por gestantes de alto risco.

The scope of this research was to assess the breastfeeding intention among high-risk pregnant women and related factors. It is a cross-sectional, qualitative and quantitative study, with 1,118 high-risk pregnant women who attended the prenatal care unit at a specialized center of the Unified Health System. The dependent variables were exclusive breastfeeding intention, intended duration and conditions that might interfere with breastfeeding. The Epi Info 7.4.1, Bioestat 5.3 and IRAMUTEQ 0.7.2.0 programs were used for data processing. The results showed that 8.76% of the pregnant women had conditions that could affect lactation. Among the women, 93.83% affirmed having exclusive breastfeeding intention, of which 69.86% intended to breastfeed until the child was six months old, revealing an association with sociodemographic variables (p<0.05). The intended breastfeeding duration was related to the age (p=0.0041), marital status (p=0.0053) and level of education (p=0.0116). The main reasons reported for not providing exclusive breastfeeding were the following: HIV, use of medications, work and lack of information. This research concluded that a small cohort of high-risk pregnant women presented conditions that could interfere with breastfeeding. Most of them intended to breastfeed exclusively for six months.

Characterization of the self-perception of oral health in the Brazilian adult population.

This article aims to perform an analysis of the factors that determine the self-perception of oral health of Brazilians, based on a multidimensional methodology basis. This is a cross-sectional study with data from a national survey. A household interview was conducted with a sample of 60,202 adults. Self-perception of oral health was considered the outcome variable and sociodemographic characteristics, self-care and oral health condition, use of dental services, general health and work condition as independent variables. The dimensionality reduction test was used and the variables that showed a relationship were submitted to logistic regression. The negative oral health condition was related to difficulty feeding, negative evaluation of the last dental appointment, negative self-perception of general health condition, not flossing, upper dental loss, and reason for the last dental appointment. The use of a multidimensional methodological basis was able to design explanatory models for the self-perception of oral health of Brazilian adults, and these results should be considered in the implementation, evaluation, and qualification of the oral health network.

Health surveillance: public water supply fluoridation in 40 municipalities of São Paulo, Brazil. / Vigilância em saúde: fluoretação das águas de abastecimento público em 40 municípios do estado de São Paulo, Brasil.

Since fluoridation of water is an established public health measure for the prevention of dental caries and considering that monitoring of the method is crucial to its success, this study aimed to analyze the results of the analysis of the fluorine content of public water supply of 40 municipalities in the state of São Paulo, from November 2004 to December 2016. Samples were analyzed monthly using the potentiometric method. Of the 32,488 samples, 50.94% contained fluoride levels within the recommended range. In 2004, it was verified that 21 cities (52.50%) had mean levels within the recommended parameter, increasing to 32 cities (80.00%) in 2016. It was observed that 15 municipalities that initially had levels of fluoride below 0.55 mgF/L in their water supply adjusted to adequate levels during the project. In the first year of the study, 47.76% of the samples had values in the recommended range, which increased to 58.22% in 2016. Most of the municipalities adjusted the levels of fluoride in their waters over the years, evidencing the performance of heterocontrol programs as important strategies that assist in the monitoring of the method and have significant participation in the control of the water quality supplied to the population.

Sendo a fluoretação das águas uma medida de saúde pública consagrada na prevenção de cárie dentária e considerando que a vigilância do método é fundamental para o seu sucesso, este estudo objetivou analisar os resultados das análises dos teores de flúor das águas de abastecimento público de 40 municípios do estado de São Paulo, de novembro de 2004 a dezembro de 2016. A análise das amostras foi realizada mensalmente por meio do método potenciométrico. De 32.488 amostras, 50,94% continham níveis de flúor dentro do intervalo recomendado. Em 2004, verificou-se que 21 cidades (52,50%) apresentaram teores médios dentro do parâmetro recomendado, passando, em 2016, para 32 cidades (80,00%). Observou-se que 15 municípios que possuíam inicialmente níveis de flúor abaixo de 0,55 mgF/L em suas águas de abastecimento adequaram-se no decorrer do projeto. No primeiro ano do estudo, 47,76% das amostras possuíam valores no intervalo preconizado e, em 2016, houve um aumento para 58,22%. Foi verificado que no decorrer dos anos, a maioria dos municípios adequou os níveis de flúor em suas águas, evidenciando a atuação dos programas de heterocontrole como importantes estratégias que auxiliam na vigilância do método, tendo participação fundamental no controle da qualidade da água ofertada à população.

Impact of oral conditions on the quality of life of elderly caregivers and oral health practices / O impacto das condições bucais na qualidade de vida de cuidadores domiciliares de idosos e práticas em saúde bucal

INTRODUCTION: Identifying factors related to the quality of life constitutes strategy for the actions supporting and monitoring the population health. OBJECTIVE: To assess oral health practices in the elderly, the clinical conditions of oral health of the caregiver and the elderly and oral health-related quality of life of caregiver. METHODS: Oral health was evaluated in 388 participants (194 caregivers and 194 elderly) by: the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index, the use and need of prosthesis, the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) scale and a semi-structured questionnaire. RESULTS: Most caregivers (91.3%) acquired oral health knowledge in daily practice, 33% performed oral hygiene in the elderly and 28% reported difficulties with this activity. The average DMFT was 19.24 for caregivers and 28.70 for the elderly, both with predominance of missing teeth. Prostheses were used by 57.73% of caregivers and 63.40% of elderly. The need of protheses was high, mostly in the mandible, respectively 34.54% and 51.55%. The association between OHIP-14 and the need for total prosthesis showed an impact on the dimensions physical and psychological disabilities. The importance of religion affected the dimension psychological discomfort and physical and psychological disabilities. Caregivers over 60 years old had a 1.2 greater chance of oral health impact on quality of life compared to the 20 to 60-year-old group. CONCLUSION: The presence of low-value cultural contexts of self-care associated with a positive perception of oral health, even in precarious clinical conditions, minimized the impact on caregivers' quality of life.

INTRODUÇÃO: Identificar fatores relacionados à qualidade de vida constitui estratégia para as ações de suporte e acompanhamento da saúde da população. OBJETIVO: Avaliar as práticas em saúde bucal nos idosos, as condições clínicas de saúde bucal do cuidador e do idoso e a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal dos cuidadores. MÉTODOS: A saúde bucal foi avaliada em 388 participantes (194 cuidadores e 194 idosos) usando: índice dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados (CPOD), uso e necessidade de próteses, instrumento Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) e questionário semiestruturado. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos cuidadores (91,3%) adquiriu conhecimento em saúde bucal na prática diária, 33% realizava higiene bucal no idoso e 28% relatou ter dificuldades com esta atividade. Registrou-se CPOD 19,24 para cuidadores e 28,70 para idosos, ambos com predomínio do compo­nente perdido. Dos cuidadores, 57,73% usava prótese e dos idosos, 63,40%. A necessidade das próteses foi alta principalmente na mandíbula, respectivamente 34,54% e 51,55%. A associação entre OHIP-14 e a necessidade de prótese total evidenciou impacto nas dimensões incapacidades física e psicológica. A importância da religião associou-se a impactos nas dimensões desconforto psicológico e incapacidades física e psicológica. Os cuidadores com 60 anos ou mais apresentaram chance de 1,2 vezes maior de impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida quando comparados ao grupo de 20 a 60 anos. CONCLUSÃO: O impacto na qualidade de vida dos cuidadores foi minimizado pela presença de contextos culturais pouco valorativos de autocuidado associados à percepção positiva de saúde bucal, mesmo em condições clínicas precária.

Characterization of the self-perception of oral health in the Brazilian adult population / Caracterização da condição percebida de saúde bucal na população adulta brasileira

Abstract This article aims to perform an analysis of the factors that determine the self-perception of oral health of Brazilians, based on a multidimensional methodology basis. This is a cross-sectional study with data from a national survey. A household interview was conducted with a sample of 60,202 adults. Self-perception of oral health was considered the outcome variable and sociodemographic characteristics, self-care and oral health condition, use of dental services, general health and work condition as independent variables. The dimensionality reduction test was used and the variables that showed a relationship were submitted to logistic regression. The negative oral health condition was related to difficulty feeding, negative evaluation of the last dental appointment, negative self-perception of general health condition, not flossing, upper dental loss, and reason for the last dental appointment. The use of a multidimensional methodological basis was able to design explanatory models for the self-perception of oral health of Brazilian adults, and these results should be considered in the implementation, evaluation, and qualification of the oral health network.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é realizar uma análise dos fatores que determinam a autopercepção de saúde bucal dos brasileiros sob base metodológica multidimensional. Estudo transversal, com dados provenientes de inquérito em âmbito nacional. Foi realizada entrevista domiciliar com uma amostra de 60.202 adultos. Considerou-se a autopercepção de saúde bucal como variável desfecho e características sociodemográficas, de autocuidado e condição de saúde bucal, de utilização de serviços odontológicos, de condição de saúde geral e de trabalho como variáveis independentes. Empregou-se o teste de redução de dimensionalidade e as variáveis que apresentaram relação passaram pelo teste de regressão logística. A autopercepção negativa de saúde bucal apresentou-se relacionada à dificuldade para se alimentar, avaliação negativa do atendimento recebido durante a última consulta odontológica, autopercepção ruim da condição de saúde geral, não utilização de fio dental, perda dental superior e motivo da última consulta com o cirurgião dentista. A utilização de base metodológica multidimensional foi capaz de (re)desenhar modelos explicativos para a condição percebida de saúde bucal de adultos brasileiros, devendo, os seus resultados serem considerados na implementação, avaliação e qualificação da rede de saúde bucal.

Clinical and Microbiological Analysis of Mechanical and Chemomechanical Methods of Caries Removal in Deciduous Teeth.

PURPOSE: This study evaluated carious tissue removal by mechanical and chemomechanical methods (Carisolv and Papacárie) through colony-forming unit (CFU) counts of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus sp. Treatment acceptability, presence and level of pain, use of anesthesia, time required for caries removal and pain 24 h after treatment were also compared. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A clinical trial with 32 individuals who had at least two deciduous molars with active occlusal caries lesions were selected and randomly divided into two groups (I and II). One lesion in each individual was excavated with hand excavator only. The remaining lesions were excavated using modified hand excavation and Carisolv in group 1 or modified hand-excavation and Papacárie in group 2. Bacterial samples were taken from each caries lesion before and after treatment. RESULTS: All the methods reduced the amount of cultivable Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus sp. after treatment (p < 0.05) and no statistically significant difference was found between the groups (p > 0.05). There was 97% acceptability of treatments, and anesthesia was used in 14% of teeth. Pain was present 24 h after treatment in 6% of teeth. The mean times for caries removal by the mechanical and chemomechanical treatments were not statistically significantly different (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: All treatments were found to effectively reduce bacterial counts (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) among treatments or between clinical variables (p > 0.05).

Pre-Natal Monitoring in the Primary Attention of the Brazilian Unified Health System

Objective: To analyze prenatal care in the primary care of the Brazilian Unified Health System. Material and Methods: This is a survey cross sectional research with inquiry-type quantitativequalitative approach. Data collection was performed in 28 cities of the São Paulo state, through on- site observations and interviews with health secretaries, coordinators of primary and oral health care. The following variables were analyzed: Primary health care services for pregnant woman as educational activities, presence of care and referral protocol and the organization of oral health care. Content analysis was performed for the answers of the open questions and the quantitative treatment of the discursive data was obtained through the categorial analysis. For the answers of the closed questions a descriptive analysis was performed. Results: The total number of participants interviewed was 84 managers. It was observed that 78.6 %% of cities carried out educational activities; 42.9% do not have an active care protocol and 57.1% do not have formal referral guidelines to high-risk pregnancies. The rapid tests for HIV, Syphilis, Hepatitis B and C were confirmed by 53.6% of managers and only 39.3% reported evaluating the vaccine situation. As to dental care, 71.4% of the municipalities do not have an established guideline; 46.4% reported that access occurs through spontaneous demand; 32.1% do not consider pregnant woman a priority care group and 67.9% have instituted prenatal dental care. Conclusion: Prenatal care has guaranteed educational activities, but it has deficiencies related to the work process and to the management of services, due, for the most part, to the inexistence of assistance and organizational protocols.

The impact of Scientific Initiation on the scientific production of graduate students / O impacto da Iniciação Científica na produção bibliográfica de pós-graduandos

Scientific Initiation is a Brazilian undergraduate research programme that aims to awaken the scientific vocation of undergraduate students and to encourage potential talents through their participation in research projects under the guidance of a qualified researcher. This study's purpose was to analyse the scientific production of graduate students based on their previous experience with Scientific Initiation. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted by searching databases of Brazilian public agencies ­ the Sucupira Platform, by the Ministry of Education, and the Lattes Platform, by the Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communication. We collected studies published between 2012 and 2018 and included all students and newcomers enrolled in master's degree and PhD programmes. We assessed the number of students enrolled in the Public Health Dentistry Graduate Programme of the São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, Brazil. We analysed the number of scientific papers published by each PhD student and observed that PhD students who performed Scientific Initiation (n=19) achieved a higher average of scientific production (p=0.047). In total, 55 master's and PhD students were enrolled in the Public Health Dentistry Graduate Programme; of these, 63.64 percent (n=35) carried out Scientific Initiation during their undergraduate course. It was concluded that graduate students with Scientific Initiation published more papers than those without this experience (AU).

A Iniciação Científica tem como objetivo despertar a vocação científica em estudantes de graduação e incentivar potenciais talentos por meio de sua participação em projetos de pesquisa, sob a orientação de um pesquisador qualificado. Este estudo objetivou analisar a produção científica de pós-graduandos com e sem iniciação científica. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, retrospectivo, descritivo, com consulta nas plataformas Sucupira do Ministério da Educação e Lattes do Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações no período de 2012 a 2018. No período, foram avaliados o número de alunos de mestrado e doutorado do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia Preventiva e Social da Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba. O número de artigos científicos de cada aluno de doutorado com e sem iniciação científica foi analisado. No total, 55 alunos de mestrado e doutorado estavam matriculados no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia Preventiva e Social, destes 63,64% (n = 35) realizaram iniciação científica durante a graduação. Observou-se também que os estudantes de doutorado que realizaram iniciação científica (n = 19) obtiveram melhor produção científica (p = 0,047). Concluiu-se que os estudantes de pós-graduação com iniciação científica alcançaram um número de publicações mais significativo em comparação com aqueles sem essa experiência (AU).

Case-resolving capacity of dental care of the Unified Health System: the perception of users in a city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

The aim of this study was to learn about the users' perceptions concerning the case-resolving capacity of dental care in the Unified Health System and to analyze the associations between solving capacity and both sociodemographic characteristics and access to the service. This was a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, in which 461 users responded to individual interviews. The outcome variable was the case-resolving capacity of dental care, obtained through the question: "In your opinion, is the dentist of this health center managing to solve all your oral health problems (Yes/No)". Independent variables were grouped into the following: sociodemographic and related to the access to the service. Most participants reported that their oral health problems were being solved. By using the Poisson regression, the lack of case-resolving capacity was found to be associated to the patients' not considering the dental surgeon's working hours convenient; to the long time they had to wait to get an appointment in the health center; and to the long time they had to wait in the waiting room. The results showed the positive view that users have about the case-resolving capacity of public dental care, and the relationship between access to the service and the said solving capacity.

Case-resolving capacity of dental care of the Unified Health System: the perception of users in a city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil / Resolutividade do serviço odontológico no Sistema Único de Saúde: a percepção de usuários de um município paulista, Brasil

Abstract The aim of this study was to learn about the users' perceptions concerning the case-resolving capacity of dental care in the Unified Health System and to analyze the associations between solving capacity and both sociodemographic characteristics and access to the service. This was a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, in which 461 users responded to individual interviews. The outcome variable was the case-resolving capacity of dental care, obtained through the question: "In your opinion, is the dentist of this health center managing to solve all your oral health problems (Yes/No)". Independent variables were grouped into the following: sociodemographic and related to the access to the service. Most participants reported that their oral health problems were being solved. By using the Poisson regression, the lack of case-resolving capacity was found to be associated to the patients' not considering the dental surgeon's working hours convenient; to the long time they had to wait to get an appointment in the health center; and to the long time they had to wait in the waiting room. The results showed the positive view that users have about the case-resolving capacity of public dental care, and the relationship between access to the service and the said solving capacity.

Resumo O objetivo neste estudo foi conhecer a percepção do usuário sobre a resolutividade do serviço odontológico no Sistema Único de Saúde, e analisar as associações entre resolutividade e características sociodemográficas e de acesso ao serviço. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa transversal com abordagem quantitativa, na qual 461 usuários responderam a entrevistas individuais. A variável desfecho foi a resolutividade do serviço odontológico, obtida através da seguinte pergunta: "Em sua opinião, o dentista desta unidade de saúde está conseguindo resolver todos os seus problemas de saúde bucal? (sim/não)". As variáveis independentes foram agrupadas em: sociodemográficas, e de acesso ao serviço. A maioria dos participantes relatou que seus problemas de saúde bucal estavam sendo resolvidos. Por meio da regressão de Poisson, observou-se que a falta de resolutividade esteve associada a não considerar o horário de trabalho do cirurgião-dentista conveniente; à grande demora para conseguir realizar o agendamento para a unidade de saúde; e ao tempo na sala de espera ser muito demorado. Os resultados revelaram a percepção positiva que o usuário teve sobre a resolutividade do serviço público odontológico, e a relação existente entre o acesso ao serviço e a capacidade resolutiva referida.

Inequalities in Oral Health among Older Brazilians: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a National Survey

Objective: To investigate the association of tooth loss and periodontal disease with socioeconomic and demographic factors, the need for and use of health services, and the effect of oral health on the daily lives of older Brazilians. Material and Methods: We abstracted data from a nation-wide, representative, cross-sectional survey of 7619 Brazilians aged between 65 to 74 years. Poisson regression models were created to investigate associations between oral diseases and income, education level, gender, ethnicity, region of residence, and use of dental services; statistical significance was set at 5%. Results: The mean age of the 7619 subjects studied was 69 years (95% Confidence Interval, 68.9­69.1); 61.9% were women. Regarding ethnicity, 46.95% were White, 38.90% were Brown, 11.54% were Black and 2.53% belonged to other ethnic groups. Bleeding on probing or dental calculus was present in 26.67% of subjects, whereas LOA was present in 87.27%. The loss of at least one tooth was observed in 48.90% of subjects, while 47.03% were completely edentulous. Low educational status increased the prevalence ratio (PR) of all diseases (loss of attachment, PR=5.54; bleeding on probing, PR=3.93; tooth loss, PR=2.24; edentulousness, PR=3.34). The prevalence of tooth loss was 2.58 times higher in subjects who reported a monthly income of less than 301 USD. The effect on daily life was occasionally a protective factor and occasionally increased the likelihoods of diseases. Conclusion: These findings substantiate the association of socioeconomic conditions, demographic features, and use of dental services with bleeding on probing, presence of dental calculus, loss of periodontal attachment, tooth loss, and edentulousness among older Brazilian subjects.

Satisfaction with the academic experience among graduate students of a brazilian public university / Satisfação com a vivência acadêmica entre concluintes de uma universidade pública brasileira

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective was to analyze the satisfaction with the academic experience among graduates of the Biological Sciences and Health area of a Brazilian public university (n=30), Pharmacy (n=45), Physical Education (n=44), Nursing (n=30), Medicine (n=39) and Dentistry (n=35), resulting in a sample of 223 academics. Methods: The data were collected through the validated instrument - 'Satisfaction Scale with Academic Experience', composed of 35 indicators and three dimensions: 'course satisfaction', 'development opportunity' and 'institution satisfaction', measured by the Five point likert scale. Descriptive statistics and Anova, Kruskal-Wallis and t-tests were applied. Results: The 'course satisfaction' dimension was the best evaluated (p<0.001), while 'institution satisfaction' was worse. Most of the academics were satisfied with most of the indicators evaluated. Greater satisfaction was attributed to interpersonal relationships, especially those involving the teacher-student relationship and the training of professionals. Worst assessments related to structural aspects such as safety, comfort and equipment supply. Medical students presented the highest overall satisfaction score, differing significantly from the worst scores: Biological Sciences (p<0.001) and Pharmacy (p<0.001). There were also differences between courses in the other dimensions (p<0.05). Regarding the demographic factors, there was no significant divergence (p>0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that the investigated students are satisfied with the institution of higher education; However, strategies should still be established to qualify their educational process, especially institutional infrastructure.

RESUMO Objetivo: Objetivou-se analisar a satisfação com a experiência acadêmica entre concluintes da área das Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde de uma universidade pública brasileira. Métodos: Estudo transversal, quantitativo foi desenvolvido junto a acadêmicos dos cursos presenciais de Ciências Biológicas (n=30), Farmácia (n=45), Educação Física (n=44), Enfermagem (n=30), Medicina (n=39) e Odontologia (n=35), resultando em uma amostra de 223 acadêmicos. Os dados foram coletados através do instrumento validado - 'Escala de Satisfação com a Experiência Acadêmica', composto por 35 indicadores e três dimensões: 'satisfação com o curso', 'oportunidade de desenvolvimento' e 'satisfação com a instituição', com mensuração pela escala likert de cinco pontos. Aplicou-se estatística descritiva e testes de Anova, Kruskal-Wallis e teste t. Resultados: A dimensão 'satisfação com o curso' foi a melhor avaliada (p<0,001), enquanto a 'satisfação com a instituição' a pior. A maioria dos acadêmicos mostrou-se satisfeita com a grande parte dos indicadores avaliados. Atribuiu-se maior satisfação às relações interpessoais, em especial as envolvendo o relacionamento docente-discente e a capacitação de profissionais. Piores avaliações relacionaram-se a aspectos estruturais como segurança, conforto e suprimento de equipamentos. Estudantes de medicina apresentaram o maior escore de satisfação geral, divergindo significativamente dos piores escores: Ciências Biológicas (p<0,001) e Farmácia (p<0,001). Foram verificadas também diferenças entre os cursos nas demais dimensões (p<0,05). Em relação aos fatores demográficos não houve divergência significativa (p>0,05). Conclusão: Conclui-se que os acadêmicos investigados apresentam-se satisfeitos em relação à instituição de ensino superior; contudo, devem ainda ser estabelecidas estratégias que visem qualificar o seu processo educacional, em especial, a infraestrutura institucional.

Análise documental dos serviços de saúde bucal ofertados à população indígena no brasil / Documentary analysis of the oral health services offered to the brazilian indigenous population

Introdução: Os povos indígenas do Brasil compõem um cenário diversificado do ponto de vista cultural. A garantia de assistência à saúde geral e bucal indígena, atualmente, foi estabelecida pelo Subsistema de Atenção à Saúde Indígena, integrado ao Sistema Único de Saúde. Objetivos: Analisar a política de saúde bucal inserida no subsistema de saúde indígena, evidenciando a sua evolução no processo histórico e legal. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório, em que foram consultados decretos, leis e portarias, já com as recentes e respectivas mudanças na legislação. Discussão: Apesar dos avanços, há recorrentes disparidades ao analisarmos a saúde bucal indígena em comparação à população brasileira não indígena. Essa diferença é observada nos perfis de saúde indígena, os quais são relativos aos âmbitos nacionais e regionais, em uma combinação de fatores socioeconômicos, ambientais e políticos. Ao longo do tempo, a saúde indígena esteve sob responsabilidade de distintas instituições. Recentemente, um projeto de lei propôs a criação do Instituto Nacional de Saúde Indígena, com intuito de simplificar os processos administrativos. Conclusão: A trajetória da saúde bucal indígena brasileira é marcada por dissidências e existem bases jurídicas que garantem o acesso aos cuidados de saúde deste grupo, embora a descontinuidade das políticas impeça a integralidade das ações de saúde bucal (AU).

Introducion: From a cultural point of view the Brazilian indigenous peoples compose a diversified cultural scenario. The guarantee of general and oral health assistance of indigenous people has been established by the Subsystem of Attention to Indigenous Health, integrated into the Brazilian Unified Health System. Objectives: To analyze the oral health policy inserted in the subsystem of indigenous health, evidencing its evolution in the historical and legal process. Methodology: It was a descriptive and exploratory study, in which decrees, laws and rules were consulted, with recent and relevant changes in legislation. Discussion: Despite the advances there are recurrent disparities when analyzing indigenous oral health in comparison to the nonindigenous Brazilian population. This difference is observed in indigenous health profiles, which are related to national and regional levels, in a combination of socioeconomic, environmental and political factors. Over the years, indigenous health has been under the responsibility of different institutions. Recently, a bill proposed the creation of the National Institute of Indigenous Health, in order to simplify administrative processes. Conclusion: The trajectory of Brazilian indigenous oral health is marked by dissidents and there are legal bases that guarantee the access to health care of this group, although the discontinuity of the policies blocks the integrality of oral health actions (AU).

A influência da posição acadêmica sobre condutas de saúde em universitários / The influence of the university level on health conducts in university students

Poucos estudos têm examinado as condutas de saúde da população universitária em sua totalidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da posição acadêmica, considerando estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação, sobre a aquisição de condutas de saúde. A amostra foi composta por 223 graduandos e 67 pós-graduandos, ambos concluintes dos cursos de Odontologia, Farmácia, Medicina, Educação Física, Enfermagem e Ciências Biológicas de uma universidade pública da região Sul do Brasil. Utilizou-se um instrumento para a coleta de dados demográficos e o questionário autoaplicável National College Health Risk Behavior Survey (NCHRBS), para a avaliação das dimensões segurança no trânsito e violência, consumo de tabaco e álcool, comportamento sexual e alimentação, atividade física e peso. Observou-se que a posição acadêmica não exerceu papel significativo na aquisição de condutas inadequadas, estando estas mais relacionadas com o perfil demográfico dos indivíduos. Estudantes mais jovens, do gênero masculino e solteiros apresentaram maior prevalência de hábitos considerados prejudiciais à saúde, principalmente relacionados ao consumo de bebida alcoólica e ao envolvimento em agressão física. Estudantes mulheres apresentaram aquisição significativa de métodos inapropriados para o controle do peso corporal. Os resultados encontrados refletem a importância da efetivação de políticas que visem à intervenção e prevenção de comportamentos prejudiciais à saúde entre universitários, considerando-se o universo de graduandos e pós-graduandos (AU).

Few studies have examined healthy behaviors of the university population in its entirety. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the academic position, considering undergraduate and graduate students, on the acquisition of healthy behaviors. The sample consisted of 223 undergraduate and 67 postgraduate students of the Life and Health Sciences area (Dentistry, Pharmacy, Medicine, Physical Education, Nursing and Biological Sciences courses) of a public university in southern Brazil. An instrument for the collection of demographic data and the National College Health Risk Behavior Survey (NCHRBS) was used to assess four dimensions: security in traffic and violence, tobacco and alcohol consumption, sexual behavior and nutrition, and physical activity and weight. It was observed that the academic position did not play a significant role in the acquisition of risky habits, being this acquisition more related to the demographic profile of the individuals. Younger, male and unmarried students had a higher prevalence of habits considered harmful to health, mainly related to alcohol consumption and involvement in physical aggression. Female students presented statistical significant difference for using inappropriate methods for body weight control. The results reflect the importance of effective policies, which aim at intervention and prevention of risk behaviors among the college population, considering the undergraduate and graduate students (AU).